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All rights reserved. // Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style // license that can be found in the LICENSE file. // liveness tests with inlining disabled. // see also live2.go. package main import "runtime" func printnl() //go:noescape func printpointer(**int) //go:noescape func printintpointer(*int) //go:noescape func printstringpointer(*string) //go:noescape func printstring(string) //go:noescape func printbytepointer(*byte) func printint(int) func f1() { var x *int // ERROR "stack object x \*int$" printpointer(&x) // ERROR "live at call to printpointer: x$" printpointer(&x) } func f2(b bool) { if b { printint(0) // nothing live here return } var x *int // ERROR "stack object x \*int$" printpointer(&x) // ERROR "live at call to printpointer: x$" printpointer(&x) } func f3(b1, b2 bool) { // Here x and y are ambiguously live. In previous go versions they // were marked as live throughout the function to avoid being // poisoned in GODEBUG=gcdead=1 mode; this is now no longer the // case. printint(0) if b1 == false { printint(0) return } if b2 { var x *int // ERROR "stack object x \*int$" printpointer(&x) // ERROR "live at call to printpointer: x$" printpointer(&x) } else { var y *int // ERROR "stack object y \*int$" printpointer(&y) // ERROR "live at call to printpointer: y$" printpointer(&y) } printint(0) // nothing is live here } // The old algorithm treated x as live on all code that // could flow to a return statement, so it included the // function entry and code above the declaration of x // but would not include an indirect use of x in an infinite loop. // Check that these cases are handled correctly. func f4(b1, b2 bool) { // x not live here if b2 { printint(0) // x not live here return } var z **int x := new(int) // ERROR "stack object x \*int$" *x = 42 z = &x printint(**z) // ERROR "live at call to printint: x$" if b2 { printint(1) // x not live here return } for { printint(**z) // ERROR "live at call to printint: x$" } } func f5(b1 bool) { var z **int if b1 { x := new(int) // ERROR "stack object x \*int$" *x = 42 z = &x } else { y := new(int) // ERROR "stack object y \*int$" *y = 54 z = &y } printint(**z) // nothing live here } // confusion about the _ result used to cause spurious "live at entry to f6: _". func f6() (_, y string) { y = "hello" return } // confusion about addressed results used to cause "live at entry to f7: x". func f7() (x string) { // ERROR "stack object x string" _ = &x x = "hello" return } // ignoring block returns used to cause "live at entry to f8: x, y". func f8() (x, y string) { return g8() } func g8() (string, string) // ignoring block assignments used to cause "live at entry to f9: x" // issue 7205 var i9 interface{} func f9() bool { g8() x := i9 y := interface{}(g18()) // ERROR "live at call to convT: x.data$" "live at call to g18: x.data$" "stack object .autotmp_[0-9]+ \[2\]string$" i9 = y // make y escape so the line above has to call convT return x != y } // liveness formerly confused by UNDEF followed by RET, // leading to "live at entry to f10: ~r1" (unnamed result). func f10() string { panic(1) } // liveness formerly confused by select, thinking runtime.selectgo // can return to next instruction; it always jumps elsewhere. // note that you have to use at least two cases in the select // to get a true select; smaller selects compile to optimized helper functions. var c chan *int var b bool // this used to have a spurious "live at entry to f11a: ~r0" func f11a() *int { select { // ERROR "stack object .autotmp_[0-9]+ \[2\]runtime.scase$" case <-c: return nil case <-c: return nil } } func f11b() *int { p := new(int) if b { // At this point p is dead: the code here cannot // get to the bottom of the function. // This used to have a spurious "live at call to printint: p". printint(1) // nothing live here! select { // ERROR "stack object .autotmp_[0-9]+ \[2\]runtime.scase$" case <-c: return nil case <-c: return nil } } println(*p) return nil } var sink *int func f11c() *int { p := new(int) sink = p // prevent stack allocation, otherwise p is rematerializeable if b { // Unlike previous, the cases in this select fall through, // so we can get to the println, so p is not dead. printint(1) // ERROR "live at call to printint: p$" select { // ERROR "live at call to selectgo: p$" "stack object .autotmp_[0-9]+ \[2\]runtime.scase$" case <-c: case <-c: } } println(*p) return nil } // similarly, select{} does not fall through. // this used to have a spurious "live at entry to f12: ~r0". func f12() *int { if b { select {} } else { return nil } } // incorrectly placed VARDEF annotations can cause missing liveness annotations. // this used to be missing the fact that s is live during the call to g13 (because it is // needed for the call to h13). func f13() { s := g14() s = h13(s, g13(s)) // ERROR "live at call to g13: s.ptr$" } func g13(string) string func h13(string, string) string // more incorrectly placed VARDEF. func f14() { x := g14() // ERROR "stack object x string$" printstringpointer(&x) } func g14() string // Checking that various temporaries do not persist or cause // ambiguously live values that must be zeroed. // The exact temporary names are inconsequential but we are // trying to check that there is only one at any given site, // and also that none show up in "ambiguously live" messages. var m map[string]int var mi map[interface{}]int // str and iface are used to ensure that a temp is required for runtime calls below. func str() string func iface() interface{} func f16() { if b { delete(mi, iface()) // ERROR "stack object .autotmp_[0-9]+ interface \{\}$" } delete(mi, iface()) delete(mi, iface()) } var m2s map[string]*byte var m2 map[[2]string]*byte var x2 [2]string var bp *byte func f17a(p *byte) { // ERROR "live at entry to f17a: p$" if b { m2[x2] = p // ERROR "live at call to mapassign: p$" } m2[x2] = p // ERROR "live at call to mapassign: p$" m2[x2] = p // ERROR "live at call to mapassign: p$" } func f17b(p *byte) { // ERROR "live at entry to f17b: p$" // key temporary if b { m2s[str()] = p // ERROR "live at call to mapassign_faststr: p$" "live at call to str: p$" } m2s[str()] = p // ERROR "live at call to mapassign_faststr: p$" "live at call to str: p$" m2s[str()] = p // ERROR "live at call to mapassign_faststr: p$" "live at call to str: p$" } func f17c() { // key and value temporaries if b { m2s[str()] = f17d() // ERROR "live at call to f17d: .autotmp_[0-9]+$" "live at call to mapassign_faststr: .autotmp_[0-9]+$" } m2s[str()] = f17d() // ERROR "live at call to f17d: .autotmp_[0-9]+$" "live at call to mapassign_faststr: .autotmp_[0-9]+$" m2s[str()] = f17d() // ERROR "live at call to f17d: .autotmp_[0-9]+$" "live at call to mapassign_faststr: .autotmp_[0-9]+$" } func f17d() *byte func g18() [2]string func f18() { // key temporary for mapaccess. // temporary introduced by orderexpr. var z *byte if b { z = m2[g18()] // ERROR "stack object .autotmp_[0-9]+ \[2\]string$" } z = m2[g18()] z = m2[g18()] printbytepointer(z) } var ch chan *byte // byteptr is used to ensure that a temp is required for runtime calls below. func byteptr() *byte func f19() { // dest temporary for channel receive. var z *byte if b { z = <-ch // ERROR "stack object .autotmp_[0-9]+ \*byte$" } z = <-ch z = <-ch // ERROR "live at call to chanrecv1: .autotmp_[0-9]+$" printbytepointer(z) } func f20() { // src temporary for channel send if b { ch <- byteptr() // ERROR "stack object .autotmp_[0-9]+ \*byte$" } ch <- byteptr() ch <- byteptr() } func f21() { // key temporary for mapaccess using array literal key. var z *byte if b { z = m2[[2]string{"x", "y"}] // ERROR "stack object .autotmp_[0-9]+ \[2\]string$" } z = m2[[2]string{"x", "y"}] z = m2[[2]string{"x", "y"}] printbytepointer(z) } func f23() { // key temporary for two-result map access using array literal key. var z *byte var ok bool if b { z, ok = m2[[2]string{"x", "y"}] // ERROR "stack object .autotmp_[0-9]+ \[2\]string$" } z, ok = m2[[2]string{"x", "y"}] z, ok = m2[[2]string{"x", "y"}] printbytepointer(z) print(ok) } func f24() { // key temporary for map access using array literal key. // value temporary too. if b { m2[[2]string{"x", "y"}] = nil // ERROR "stack object .autotmp_[0-9]+ \[2\]string$" } m2[[2]string{"x", "y"}] = nil m2[[2]string{"x", "y"}] = nil } // Non-open-coded defers should not cause autotmps. (Open-coded defers do create extra autotmps). func f25(b bool) { for i := 0; i < 2; i++ { // Put in loop to make sure defer is not open-coded defer g25() } if b { return } var x string x = g14() printstring(x) return } func g25() // non-escaping ... slices passed to function call should die on return, // so that the temporaries do not stack and do not cause ambiguously // live variables. func f26(b bool) { if b { print26((*int)(nil), (*int)(nil), (*int)(nil)) // ERROR "stack object .autotmp_[0-9]+ \[3\]interface \{\}$" } print26((*int)(nil), (*int)(nil), (*int)(nil)) print26((*int)(nil), (*int)(nil), (*int)(nil)) printnl() } //go:noescape func print26(...interface{}) // non-escaping closures passed to function call should die on return func f27(b bool) { x := 0 if b { call27(func() { x++ }) // ERROR "stack object .autotmp_[0-9]+ struct \{" } call27(func() { x++ }) call27(func() { x++ }) printnl() } // but defer does escape to later execution in the function func f27defer(b bool) { x := 0 if b { defer call27(func() { x++ }) // ERROR "stack object .autotmp_[0-9]+ struct \{" } defer call27(func() { x++ }) // ERROR "stack object .autotmp_[0-9]+ struct \{" printnl() // ERROR "live at call to printnl: .autotmp_[0-9]+ .autotmp_[0-9]+" return // ERROR "live at indirect call: .autotmp_[0-9]+" } // and newproc (go) escapes to the heap func f27go(b bool) { x := 0 if b { go call27(func() { x++ }) // ERROR "live at call to newobject: &x$" "live at call to newobject: &x .autotmp_[0-9]+$" "live at call to newproc: &x$" // allocate two closures, the func literal, and the wrapper for go } go call27(func() { x++ }) // ERROR "live at call to newobject: &x$" "live at call to newobject: .autotmp_[0-9]+$" // allocate two closures, the func literal, and the wrapper for go printnl() } //go:noescape func call27(func()) // concatstring slice should die on return var s1, s2, s3, s4, s5, s6, s7, s8, s9, s10 string func f28(b bool) { if b { printstring(s1 + s2 + s3 + s4 + s5 + s6 + s7 + s8 + s9 + s10) // ERROR "stack object .autotmp_[0-9]+ \[10\]string$" } printstring(s1 + s2 + s3 + s4 + s5 + s6 + s7 + s8 + s9 + s10) printstring(s1 + s2 + s3 + s4 + s5 + s6 + s7 + s8 + s9 + s10) } // map iterator should die on end of range loop func f29(b bool) { if b { for k := range m { // ERROR "live at call to mapiterinit: .autotmp_[0-9]+$" "live at call to mapiternext: .autotmp_[0-9]+$" "stack object .autotmp_[0-9]+ runtime.hiter$" printstring(k) // ERROR "live at call to printstring: .autotmp_[0-9]+$" } } for k := range m { // ERROR "live at call to mapiterinit: .autotmp_[0-9]+$" "live at call to mapiternext: .autotmp_[0-9]+$" printstring(k) // ERROR "live at call to printstring: .autotmp_[0-9]+$" } for k := range m { // ERROR "live at call to mapiterinit: .autotmp_[0-9]+$" "live at call to mapiternext: .autotmp_[0-9]+$" printstring(k) // ERROR "live at call to printstring: .autotmp_[0-9]+$" } } // copy of array of pointers should die at end of range loop var pstructarr [10]pstruct // Struct size chosen to make pointer to element in pstructarr // not computable by strength reduction. type pstruct struct { intp *int _ [8]byte } func f30(b bool) { // live temp during printintpointer(p): // the internal iterator pointer if a pointer to pstruct in pstructarr // can not be easily computed by strength reduction. if b { for _, p := range pstructarr { // ERROR "stack object .autotmp_[0-9]+ \[10\]pstruct$" printintpointer(p.intp) // ERROR "live at call to printintpointer: .autotmp_[0-9]+$" } } for _, p := range pstructarr { printintpointer(p.intp) // ERROR "live at call to printintpointer: .autotmp_[0-9]+$" } for _, p := range pstructarr { printintpointer(p.intp) // ERROR "live at call to printintpointer: .autotmp_[0-9]+$" } } // conversion to interface should not leave temporary behind func f31(b1, b2, b3 bool) { if b1 { g31(g18()) // ERROR "stack object .autotmp_[0-9]+ \[2\]string$" } if b2 { h31(g18()) // ERROR "live at call to convT: .autotmp_[0-9]+$" "live at call to newobject: .autotmp_[0-9]+$" } if b3 { panic(g18()) } print(b3) } func g31(interface{}) func h31(...interface{}) // non-escaping partial functions passed to function call should die on return type T32 int func (t *T32) Inc() { // ERROR "live at entry to \(\*T32\).Inc: t$" *t++ } var t32 T32 func f32(b bool) { if b { call32(t32.Inc) // ERROR "stack object .autotmp_[0-9]+ struct \{" } call32(t32.Inc) call32(t32.Inc) } //go:noescape func call32(func()) // temporaries introduced during if conditions and && || expressions // should die once the condition has been acted upon. var m33 map[interface{}]int func f33() { if m33[byteptr()] == 0 { // ERROR "stack object .autotmp_[0-9]+ interface \{\}$" printnl() return } else { printnl() } printnl() } func f34() { if m33[byteptr()] == 0 { // ERROR "stack object .autotmp_[0-9]+ interface \{\}$" printnl() return } printnl() } func f35() { if m33[byteptr()] == 0 && // ERROR "stack object .autotmp_[0-9]+ interface \{\}" m33[byteptr()] == 0 { // ERROR "stack object .autotmp_[0-9]+ interface \{\}" printnl() return } printnl() } func f36() { if m33[byteptr()] == 0 || // ERROR "stack object .autotmp_[0-9]+ interface \{\}" m33[byteptr()] == 0 { // ERROR "stack object .autotmp_[0-9]+ interface \{\}" printnl() return } printnl() } func f37() { if (m33[byteptr()] == 0 || // ERROR "stack object .autotmp_[0-9]+ interface \{\}" m33[byteptr()] == 0) && // ERROR "stack object .autotmp_[0-9]+ interface \{\}" m33[byteptr()] == 0 { printnl() return } printnl() } // select temps should disappear in the case bodies var c38 chan string func fc38() chan string func fi38(int) *string func fb38() *bool func f38(b bool) { // we don't care what temps are printed on the lines with output. // we care that the println lines have no live variables // and therefore no output. if b { select { // ERROR "live at call to selectgo:( .autotmp_[0-9]+)+$" "stack object .autotmp_[0-9]+ \[4\]runtime.scase$" case <-fc38(): printnl() case fc38() <- *fi38(1): // ERROR "live at call to fc38:( .autotmp_[0-9]+)+$" "live at call to fi38:( .autotmp_[0-9]+)+$" "stack object .autotmp_[0-9]+ string$" printnl() case *fi38(2) = <-fc38(): // ERROR "live at call to fc38:( .autotmp_[0-9]+)+$" "live at call to fi38:( .autotmp_[0-9]+)+$" "stack object .autotmp_[0-9]+ string$" printnl() case *fi38(3), *fb38() = <-fc38(): // ERROR "stack object .autotmp_[0-9]+ string$" "live at call to f[ibc]38:( .autotmp_[0-9]+)+$" printnl() } printnl() } printnl() } // issue 8097: mishandling of x = x during return. func f39() (x []int) { x = []int{1} printnl() // ERROR "live at call to printnl: .autotmp_[0-9]+$" return x } func f39a() (x []int) { x = []int{1} printnl() // ERROR "live at call to printnl: .autotmp_[0-9]+$" return } func f39b() (x [10]*int) { x = [10]*int{} x[0] = new(int) // ERROR "live at call to newobject: x$" printnl() // ERROR "live at call to printnl: x$" return x } func f39c() (x [10]*int) { x = [10]*int{} x[0] = new(int) // ERROR "live at call to newobject: x$" printnl() // ERROR "live at call to printnl: x$" return } // issue 8142: lost 'addrtaken' bit on inlined variables. // no inlining in this test, so just checking that non-inlined works. type T40 struct { m map[int]int } //go:noescape func useT40(*T40) func newT40() *T40 { ret := T40{} ret.m = make(map[int]int, 42) // ERROR "live at call to makemap: &ret$" return &ret } func bad40() { t := newT40() _ = t printnl() } func good40() { ret := T40{} // ERROR "stack object ret T40$" ret.m = make(map[int]int) // ERROR "live at call to rand32: .autotmp_[0-9]+$" "stack object .autotmp_[0-9]+ runtime.hmap$" t := &ret printnl() // ERROR "live at call to printnl: ret$" // Note: ret is live at the printnl because the compiler moves &ret // from before the printnl to after. useT40(t) } func ddd1(x, y *int) { // ERROR "live at entry to ddd1: x y$" ddd2(x, y) // ERROR "stack object .autotmp_[0-9]+ \[2\]\*int$" printnl() // Note: no .?autotmp live at printnl. See issue 16996. } func ddd2(a ...*int) { // ERROR "live at entry to ddd2: a$" sink = a[0] } // issue 16016: autogenerated wrapper should have arguments live type T struct{} func (*T) Foo(ptr *int) {} type R struct{ *T } // issue 18860: output arguments must be live all the time if there is a defer. // In particular, at printint r must be live. func f41(p, q *int) (r *int) { // ERROR "live at entry to f41: p q$" r = p defer func() { recover() }() printint(0) // ERROR "live at call to printint: .autotmp_[0-9]+ q r$" r = q return // ERROR "live at call to f41.func1: .autotmp_[0-9]+ r$" } func f42() { var p, q, r int f43([]*int{&p, &q, &r}) // ERROR "stack object .autotmp_[0-9]+ \[3\]\*int$" f43([]*int{&p, &r, &q}) f43([]*int{&q, &p, &r}) } //go:noescape func f43(a []*int) // Assigning to a sub-element that makes up an entire local variable // should clobber that variable. func f44(f func() [2]*int) interface{} { // ERROR "live at entry to f44: f" type T struct { s [1][2]*int } ret := T{} // ERROR "stack object ret T" ret.s[0] = f() return ret } func f45(a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l *byte) { // ERROR "live at entry to f45: a b c d e f g h i j k l" f46(a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l) // ERROR "live at call to f46: a b c d e f g h i j k l" runtime.KeepAlive(a) runtime.KeepAlive(b) runtime.KeepAlive(c) runtime.KeepAlive(d) runtime.KeepAlive(e) runtime.KeepAlive(f) runtime.KeepAlive(g) runtime.KeepAlive(h) runtime.KeepAlive(i) runtime.KeepAlive(j) runtime.KeepAlive(k) runtime.KeepAlive(l) } //go:noinline func f46(a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l *byte) { }